Sphingosine 1-phosphate regulates regeneration and fibrosis after liver injury via sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2

Sphingosine 1-phosphate regulates regeneration and fibrosis after liver injury via sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid mediator, stimulates proliferation and contractility in hepatic stellate cells, the principal matrix-producing cells in the liver, and inhibits proliferation via S1P receptor 2 (S1P(2)) in hepatocytes in rats in vitro. A potential role of S1P and S1P(2) in liver regeneration and fibrosis was examined in S1P(2)-deficient mice. Nuclear 5-bromo-2'-d...

The Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor-2 regulates expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin after arterial injury.

OBJECTIVE This study tests the hypothesis that S1P2R regulates expression of SMC differentiation genes after arterial injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Carotid ligation injury was performed in wild-type and S1P2R-null mice. At various time points after injury, expression of multiple SMC differentiation genes, myocardin, and S1P receptors (S1P1R, S1P2R, and S1P3R) was measured by quantitative PCR. T...

Oxidative Stress Regulates Sphingosine-1-Phosphate

Ischemia reduces oxygen availability (hypoxia) and can thus lead to tissue damage. However, restoration of blood flow, or reperfusion, has been shown initiate a second phase of injury. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury has been linked to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn lead to tissue damage through induction of apoptosis.1 Indeed, I/R injury is reduced by the admi...

Sphingosine-1-phosphate

Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Colitis-associated cancer is a classical inflammation-driven cancer in which constitutive NFκB and STAT3 activation drive tumorigenesis. Recent findings published by Liang et al. in Cancer Cell demonstrate that sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1)-mediated upregulation of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) drives a persist...